{"id":4383,"date":"2021-02-07T15:04:48","date_gmt":"2021-02-07T21:04:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/?p=4383"},"modified":"2021-02-07T15:04:49","modified_gmt":"2021-02-07T21:04:49","slug":"how-to-set-up-an-arch-linux-vm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/uncategorized\/how-to-set-up-an-arch-linux-vm\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Set Up an Arch Linux VM"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Arch Linux is the Linux distro most people are talking about when you hear things like &#8220;expert friendly&#8221; and &#8220;unwelcoming.&#8221; When you go to sign up for their forum you receive a &#8220;warm and friendly&#8221; greeting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"339\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-forum-friendly-greeting-1-1024x339.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-forum-friendly-greeting-1-1024x339.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-forum-friendly-greeting-1-300x99.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-forum-friendly-greeting-1-768x254.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-forum-friendly-greeting-1-760x251.png 760w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-forum-friendly-greeting-1.png 1094w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Warm and friendly greeting &#8211; Not!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The reason their are so many forks of Arch Linux is because it doesn&#8217;t really have an installer. Not one any SuSE, Unbuntu, Mint, i.e. popular, Linux distro user would recognize. Eventually kids get past this stage of life:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Hackers -- Cyberdelia --- Crayola Books\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4U9MI0u2VIE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Big Ugly Red Book That Doesn&#8217;t Fit on Any Shelf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>They come to realize that knowing the name of every Linux package ever created for Arch and what it doesn&#8217;t really isn&#8217;t worth the time and energy. They realize that &#8220;I only install this tiny subset of packages for this desktop, so wouldn&#8217;t it be cool if I had an installer to do that?&#8221; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Maybe this installer could provide a GUI partitioning tool? How about if it also had a few default partitioning options? Perhaps it could automatically install the boot loader for me? Yeah, that would be great!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why I Had to Install Arch?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Well, you saw it, that greeting. If you are a regular reader you read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/information-technology\/install-postgresql-on-manjaro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">my post about installing PostgreSQL on Manjaro<\/a>. I ran into an issue documented in that post. Asking for help on the Manjaro user forum presented me with a deafening sound of silence more than a week later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I was certain this was a bug Manjaro inherited from Arch Linux. Off I went to the Arch Linux forum and received that warm and friendly greeting. I thought &#8220;Okay, I&#8217;ll play by the rules. I&#8217;ll install an Arch VM to prove the problem.&#8221; <strong>I&#8217;ve been warned about thinking before.<\/strong> Totally forgot just how horrible installing Arch Linux is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So. I took good notes and will write it all down for you. Even if you never go down this path, with my luck I will have to again and I want it all in one easy to find place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Installation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>I will be installing Arch Linux within an Oracle VM running on a Windows 10 host. You will need to tweak these steps for your host.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"402\" height=\"383\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-1.png 402w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-1-300x286.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 402px) 100vw, 402px\" \/><figcaption>Choose a name<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Note: I have a small 480Gig SSD as the boot drive and a 6TB Western Digital Black installed as drive D. I have quite a few projects rumbling around in my head and will need to use much of the space for a database for one of them. To save SSD space and abuse I create my VMs on drive D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Change Settings Before First Boot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"407\" height=\"379\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-2-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-2-1.png 407w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-2-1-300x279.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 407px) 100vw, 407px\" \/><figcaption>8Gig of RAM<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This host has 28Gig of RAM and I like to give a VM at least 8Gig.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"435\" height=\"456\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-3.png 435w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-3-286x300.png 286w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\" \/><figcaption>I skimped on the disk<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Yes I skimped on the disk giving it only 88Gig. I may do some development here, just not a lot. May create an Arch package for Red Diamond (my fork of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copperspice.com\/documentation-diamond.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Diamond<\/a> text editor) but I was planning on using Manjaro for that. Still, be nice to know it installs on Arch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"644\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-4.png 644w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-4-300x247.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><figcaption>Turn on Bidirectional for both<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Even with Guest Additions installed, Bidirectional doesn&#8217;t work properly with this version of Arch. I turn it on anyway just in case it starts working with an update.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"652\" height=\"529\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-5.png 652w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-5-300x243.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 652px) 100vw, 652px\" \/><figcaption>2 CPU<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>I like to give at least 2 CPU to a &#8220;dev&#8221; machine. Only 1 CPU for a &#8220;test&#8221; machine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"653\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-6.png 653w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-6-300x245.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px\" \/><figcaption>At least 64MB of video memory<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The default video memory is just low. I have really good luck with 64MB. Not every OS you install can function properly with the max of 128. I left the default VGA controller in for the installation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Later we will change that because the &#8220;recommended&#8221; doesn&#8217;t play well. At least it didn&#8217;t work well on this host with an NVIDIA video card. You could see everything, you just couldn&#8217;t resize the screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-8.png 550w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-8-300x274.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption>windows-share<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>I always have a directory I call windows-share somewhere. I always add it as a shared folder to every VM. This makes copying things into and out of the VM simple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">First Boot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"646\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-9.png 646w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-9-300x261.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"652\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-10.png 652w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-10-300x258.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 652px) 100vw, 652px\" \/><figcaption>Select ISO<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Naturally your host will determine how your disk selector looks. Your Arch Linux file name will probably be different as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"646\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4396\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-12.png 646w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-12-300x263.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><figcaption>The &#8220;installer&#8221;<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>At this point a great many people will be lulled into a false sense of comfort that this distro has the kind of installer they expect. No child. You are about to have a rude awakening.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"802\" height=\"358\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-13.png 802w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-13-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-13-768x343.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-13-760x339.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" \/><figcaption>Welcome to &#8220;the installer&#8221;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The refer you to the <a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.archlinux.org\/index.php\/Installation_guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Installation Guide<\/a>. Don&#8217;t expect something nice like this blog post. We are command line all the way. You are expected to keep huge quantities of Linux specific information in your head. In particular, partitioning a disk and installing a boot loader from the command line is something you are supposed to &#8220;just know.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When you go to the forum and see people complaining about this they will always ask for someone to explain it &#8220;in English&#8221; and not provide a link. The people who hang out in the forum will respond back that a link is all they get because this distro spends a lot of time on its documentation. They provide links rather than spoon feed noobs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"728\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_180556.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_180556.png 728w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_180556-300x122.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><figcaption>Bulk of the partitioning information<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>You will notice the details on &#8220;how&#8221; are rather sparse. Rather good information about what one might want, not how to get there from here. If your help forum is only there to help experts, then your documentation needs to spoon feed noobs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Again, Manjaro and most of the other Arch based distros popped up because people got tired of having to go through this shit each and every time. They wanted an actual installer that installed the subset of stuff they actually used so they could have a live rather than living to memorize every package and command line required to set up a new version.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You get a surprising amount of information about formatting partitions you still have no idea how to create.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"247\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181037-1024x247.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181037-1024x247.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181037-300x72.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181037-768x185.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181037-760x183.png 760w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181037.png 1055w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Formatting partitions<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>You get close to nothing for boot loader.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"820\" height=\"84\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181145.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181145.png 820w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181145-300x31.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181145-768x79.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-06_181145-760x78.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><figcaption>boot loader information in Installation Guide<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The link really only tells you what is out there. The secondary Grub information tells you how to do some things from the command line. It just skips the things you really need to do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the technical writing world we call these &#8220;Then a miracle happens&#8221; instructions. Instructions must be very specific with as many pictures as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Manual Install Now Begins<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The default keymap is US and I did not modify the layout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"807\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-14.png 807w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-14-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-14-768x357.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-14-760x353.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 807px) 100vw, 807px\" \/><figcaption>Check for efi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">ls \/sys\/firmware\/efi\/efivars<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If that file does not exist you booted in BIOS mode. My VM booted BIOS and so should yours. We did not check the UEFI box when configuring our VM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thankfully VirtualBox will take care of providing what the VM believes to be a hardwired connection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">ip link\nping archlinux.org<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"689\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4403\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-16.png 819w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-16-300x252.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-16-768x646.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-16-760x639.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption>Finding and testing your Internet IP<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>You <strong>must<\/strong> have a functioning Internet connection to install Arch Linux. Before you go any further you need to fix your system clock. For some reason you have to hit return again when it says &#8220;System Time Synchronized.&#8221; It&#8217;s done. Just doesn&#8217;t show you the prompt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">timedatectl set-ntp true<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Partitioning the Hard Drive<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOS was very important.<\/strong> These instructions won&#8217;t work for UEFI. I didn&#8217;t feel the need to suffer through figuring out how to UEFI boot a VM. It just needs to boot. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All of the Arch instructions show them putting the SWAP space at the beginning. They all use hard numbers. If you gave your VM enough RAM and you don&#8217;t do anything intensive like run a ninja build of CopperSpice without using -j1, you won&#8217;t really use SWAP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The one and only hard drive in your VM should be sda unless Arch Linux decides to change the naming convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"555\" height=\"242\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-17.png 555w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-17-300x131.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px\" \/><figcaption>Identify your Drive<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"529\" height=\"216\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-1.png 529w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-1-300x122.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\" \/><figcaption>Uninitialized disk has no label or partition table<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"791\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-1.png 791w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-1-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-1-768x516.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-1-760x510.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 791px) 100vw, 791px\" \/><figcaption>The below partitioning for those who need pictures<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">parted \/dev\/sda mklabel msdos\nparted \/dev\/sda\n\nmkpart primary ext4 0% 90%\nmkpart primary linux-swap 90% 100%\nprint\n\nset 1 boot on<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Notice I didn&#8217;t use &#8220;hard&#8221; numbers. I simply give 90% to what will be root and 10% to SWAP. While it isn&#8217;t obvious, the changes for parted are saved on quit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want details, mklabel msdos puts an MBR (DOS) partition table on the disk limiting you to for main partitions. &#8220;set 1 boot on&#8221; turns on the flag indicating the partition is bootable for partition 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"567\" height=\"219\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4411\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-2.png 567w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-parted-dos-2-300x116.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 567px) 100vw, 567px\" \/><figcaption>All done<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">quit<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Now You Have to Make Those Partitions Usable<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">mkfs.ext4 \/dev\/sda1\nmkswap \/dev\/sda2\n\nmount \/dev\/sda1 \/mnt\nswapon \/dev\/sda2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>The physical mounting of \/dev\/sda1 at \/mnt is critical for the rest of the instructions.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to sit around for a bit now. Go get a glass of iced tea or something. If you don&#8217;t you can have odd issues. You need to wait until you see the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"647\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_082155.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4443\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_082155.png 647w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_082155-300x78.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/><figcaption>Refresh complete<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>There is a mirror list refresh going on in the background. It needs to complete so you get the correct software. After you see that message you will need to hit return to get your prompt back.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Installing Arch and Software<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Careful readers will notice we haven&#8217;t actually installed anything. The ISO file is a stand-alone boot environment providing limited functionality so you <em>could<\/em> install Arch if you wanted. You could also use it to format a disk or perform some rescue operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You begin actual installation with this command.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">pacstrap \/mnt base linux linux-firmware nano sudo networkmanager<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This is what I&#8217;m talking about when I speak of having to memorize every package there is for Arch Linux. You install the &#8220;base&#8221; (whatever that is), linux, and linux-firmware. <em>That won&#8217;t get you a booting system. It will get you a system that could boot if it had a boot loader.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> When this runs you might see some &#8220;failed retrieving&#8221; messages as it searches for a mirror that is up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you don&#8217;t like nano as a terminal editor you can install whatever terminal editor you like <em>if you know the package name<\/em>. There will not be a desktop and you will need to edit things. You will also need to obtain root privilege which is why we are installing sudo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At some point the installation of packages will end much like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"757\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-pacstrap-end.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-pacstrap-end.png 757w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-pacstrap-end-300x115.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 757px) 100vw, 757px\" \/><figcaption>Just ignore the missing firmware for the virtual devices<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">genfstab -U \/mnt &gt;&gt; \/mnt\/etc\/fstab<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That command creates your \/etc\/fstab file listing your root and swap partitions. If you had a boot loader and it tried to boot this installation Arch Linux would now know what disk drives and partitions it could use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Now it is Time to Work Within Your Baby OS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">arch-chroot \/mnt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>For those who don&#8217;t build distribution packages or do other kinky system level things, chroot is the time honored (and cursed) utility for changing the root device. <em><strong>Not everything works within chroot!<\/strong><\/em> Don&#8217;t get kinky. This is especially true if you are using chroot to create custom Ubuntu ISO files with all updates installed. Not cool things happen when you try that. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We will stay in the center lane. We will rest confident in the fact that no matter how bad something goes with chroot, it cannot write into the ISO file we booted from. (When you chroot from a real running OS and updates\/installs write to places they aren&#8217;t supposed to, bad things happen.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find your country<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">ls \/usr\/share\/zoneinfo<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now find your city<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">ls \/usr\/share\/your-country<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Create a link to set your localtime. (Isn&#8217;t this just obvious?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">ln -sf \/usr\/share\/zoneinfo\/America\/Chicago \/etc\/localtime<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now you have to fix the time. Remember, you are fixing it on the OS that will boot, not the tiny installation OS you booted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">hwclock --systohc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>I have you fix the time so you don&#8217;t end up with wacky date\/time values on the rest of these files. Some security things can give you hardship if your date is out of whack. When you boot you want the date and time to be correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Finish Setting Up Your Locale<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Are we having fun yet? I wouldn&#8217;t want to miss any of the fun!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">nano \/etc\/locale.gen<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Scroll down and uncomment the correct language and local. When done Ctrl-x to exit. Yes to save. Use default file name. You almost always want a UTF-8 version unless you have extremely old hardware<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">locale-gen<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"252\" height=\"103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-20-locale.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4405\"\/><figcaption>locale-gen<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Define your local language<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">nano \/etc\/locale.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This will be an empty file you add one line to. My line was this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">LANG=en_US.UTF-8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>When done Ctrl-x to exit. Yes to save. Use default file name. Of course use the same name you uncommented in the previous step. <strong>Do not be surprised when Caps-Lock lights up on your keyboard and doesn&#8217;t work.<\/strong> This is an extremely limited terminal. Some people have luck with using &lt;Shift&gt;&lt;Caps Lock&gt; to turn Caps Lock on. I just held the shift key down. There weren&#8217;t enough capital letters to make it worth the effort of finding a work around.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thankfully I did nothing with the keyboard during boot so I could skip figuring out what to put in for KEYMAP when editing \/etc\/vconsole.conf. <em>If you needed to change the keyboard then you need to figure this step out.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Setup Your Network<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Choose a name for your host and enter it. Don&#8217;t get real creative as there are network limits and rules. <strong><em>Must be lowercase<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">nano \/etc\/hostname<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a one line file. I put &#8220;lenovo-arch&#8221; in mine because Arch was going to be running on a Lenovo machine. Like I said, don&#8217;t get real creative here. It will cause you great pain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"467\" height=\"72\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-hostname.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4442\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-hostname.png 467w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-hostname-300x46.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/><figcaption>my hostname<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>You even have to create your own hosts file! You will appreciate a simple hostname here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">nano \/etc\/hosts<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"418\" height=\"167\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-21-hosts-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-21-hosts-2.png 418w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-21-hosts-2-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 418px) 100vw, 418px\" \/><figcaption>Manually create your hosts file<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>When done Ctrl-x to exit. Yes to save. Use default file name. By default Nano editor will use tabs. When lining things up you need to use TAB not spaces<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now you have to do your own initramfs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">mkinitcpio -P<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"802\" height=\"666\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-23-initramfs.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-23-initramfs.png 802w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-23-initramfs-300x249.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-23-initramfs-768x638.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-23-initramfs-760x631.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" \/><figcaption>initramfs creation<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Create a root password. Yes, it appears Arch still has a root account though most distros have gotten rid of it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">passwd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"316\" height=\"105\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-24-passwd.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-24-passwd.png 316w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-24-passwd-300x100.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><figcaption>Set root password<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep in mind that running under chroot means you are &#8220;root&#8221; as far as this partition is concerned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Grub<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The most critical of instructions physically aren&#8217;t contained in the Installation Guide. You need to update the list of software in this machine, install grub then install its recommendations. In case the display below wraps funny, there are three pacman commands. If you see a line staring with something other than pacman it wrapped.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">pacman -Sy\npacman -S grub\npacman -S freetype2 fuse2 dosfstools efibootmgr mtools os-prober libisoburn<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"802\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-25-grub-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-25-grub-1.png 802w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-25-grub-1-300x254.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-25-grub-1-768x649.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-25-grub-1-760x642.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" \/><figcaption>Install grub and packages<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"804\" height=\"258\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-27-grub-2-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4418\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-27-grub-2-1.png 804w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-27-grub-2-1-300x96.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-27-grub-2-1-768x246.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-27-grub-2-1-760x244.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px\" \/><figcaption>The support packages<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Just installing the grub package and its recommendations doesn&#8217;t actually give you a bootable system. You have to physically execute grub-install targeting \/dev\/sda. This installs the portion of grub needed in the MBR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I told you BIOS was important. This is why. UEFI is a completely different animal. For those who just want the commands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">grub-install \/dev\/sda\ngrub-mkconfig -o \/boot\/grub\/grub.cfg<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"147\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-26-grub-install.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-26-grub-install.png 600w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-26-grub-install-300x74.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Physically install grub<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Create a User Account<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">useradd -m roland\npasswd roland<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep in mind you are &#8220;root&#8221; right now. When you type passwd userName it is setting the password for userName not the root password. This account is &#8220;just a user.&#8221; You want it to have sudo privs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">EDITOR=nano visudo<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>visudo is the only thing you can use to edit the sudoers file. You can change the editor it brings up to nano via this command line.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"590\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-55-sudoers.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-55-sudoers.png 590w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-55-sudoers-300x205.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px\" \/><figcaption>Sudoers<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>All of those other distros, they give you nice graphic things and assume you want the first account to have sudoer priv so they handle that behind the sceens. You have to do <em>everything<\/em> yourself in Arch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>All of the Installation Guide and blog post information about network was wrong.<\/em><\/strong> It all seems to be ASS-U-ME-ing you installed some package that was obvious to everyone writing the documentation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For me an OS is a tool. I only want to know as much as I absolutely have to in order to do my job. Sometimes my job means I have to know way too much. Today isn&#8217;t one of those times. Here&#8217;s what they left out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">systemctl enable NetworkManager.service<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Install the Desktop<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is where I really appreciate Manjaro. Arch bundles all KDE packages, even the sucky ones, into one package. You have to hand pick knowing what works with what if you want to skip the sucky ones. I was not in the mood for more pain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I don&#8217;t know which packages are needed for the packages I wanted so I took the defaults on everything. All I knew is that I liked <em>some<\/em> of the KDE desktop and that the KDE Network Manager (whatever it is called now) would make networking easier. Just happy-key hitting return until you are asked to type Y to proceed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">pacman -S xorg plasma plasma-wayland-session kde-applications<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"804\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-1.png 804w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-1-300x101.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-1-768x260.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-1-760x257.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px\" \/><figcaption>Desktop install 1<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"785\" height=\"237\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4425\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-2.png 785w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-2-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-2-768x232.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-2-760x229.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 785px) 100vw, 785px\" \/><figcaption>Desktop install 2<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"795\" height=\"613\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-3.png 795w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-3-300x231.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-3-768x592.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-3-760x586.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 795px) 100vw, 795px\" \/><figcaption>Desktop install 3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"736\" height=\"135\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-4.png 736w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-4-300x55.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><figcaption>Desktop install 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"486\" height=\"105\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-5.png 486w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-5-300x65.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 486px) 100vw, 486px\" \/><figcaption>Desktop install 5<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"378\" height=\"144\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-6.png 378w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-6-300x114.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" \/><figcaption>Desktop install 6<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>We need base-devel so Guest Additions can install properly. If you get some message about appcache failure just ignore. Like I told you chroot isn&#8217;t for everything.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">pacman -Sy base-devel<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"807\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_124417.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_124417.png 807w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_124417-300x78.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_124417-768x200.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_124417-760x198.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 807px) 100vw, 807px\" \/><figcaption>base-devel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>We need the base-devel packages so Guest Additions will insall properly. Now we need to make certain we login via KDE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">systemctl enable sddm.service<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">exit\numount -R \/mnt\n\nshutdown now<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Get Ready for First Desktop Boot<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"643\" height=\"524\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-30-before-reboot-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4432\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-30-before-reboot-1.png 643w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-30-before-reboot-1-300x244.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 643px) 100vw, 643px\" \/><figcaption>Navigate to Storage within Settings<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"208\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-31-before-reboot-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4433\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-31-before-reboot-2.png 554w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-31-before-reboot-2-300x113.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><figcaption>Eject the ISO<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"654\" height=\"528\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_111946.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4446\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_111946.png 654w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image_2021-02-07_111946-300x242.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 654px) 100vw, 654px\" \/><figcaption>VBoxSVGA &#8211; just ignore invalid settings<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>We need a better display controller. Just ignore the &#8220;Invalid settings detected&#8221; message. Oracle know not what it talk about.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now restart your VM and you should be greeted with a login screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"799\" height=\"672\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-after-boot.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-after-boot.png 799w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-after-boot-300x252.png 300w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-after-boot-768x646.png 768w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-after-boot-760x639.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px\" \/><figcaption>First desktop login<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>After logging in you should also find your network is functional. Now Open a terminal (Konsole in KDE) because we still have a ways to go.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Guest Additions won&#8217;t install unless you have a development environment. Just take the default of all. Now we need to set a few things up to make your life easier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">mkdir bin\nmkdir share\nnano .bashrc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ubuntu and quite a few other distros have a .profile, .bashrc, or some other dot-file that runs at user login. Usually that file will check for a bin directory in the user&#8217;s home directory. If there it will add it to PATH. Arch does very little for you automatically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"448\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-58-edit-bashrc.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4436\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-58-edit-bashrc.png 448w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-58-edit-bashrc-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><figcaption>Add bin to PATH if it exists<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>I had you create the share directory so you would have some place to mount windows-share. Remember? We added that as a shared directory back in the beginning. When you want to transfer files between host and VM a shared directory is the easiest way. You can just copy between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">cd bin\nnano mount-share\n\nsudo mount -t vboxsf -o uid=$UID,gid=$(id -g) windows-share $HOME\/share<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You are adding one line to the file. When done Ctrl-x to exit. Yes to save. Use default file name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">chmod +x mount-share<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The above command makes the file we just created executable. After you reboot (or log out then back in) $HOME\/bin will be in your path and you can type mount-share from anywhere to mount the shared directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PostgreSQL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>My entire reason for enduring this was to prove Manjaro inherited an Arch Linux bug.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">sudo pacman -Ss postgres | less\nsudo pacman -Sy postgresql\nsudo pacman -Sy libpqxx\n\nsudo -u postgres -i\ninitdb --locale $LANG -E UTF8 -D '\/var\/lib\/postgres\/data\/'\nexit\n\nsudo systemctl enable postgresql.service<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"676\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-postgres.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-postgres.png 676w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-56-desktop-install-postgres-300x217.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\" \/><figcaption>Install PostgreSQL<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Guest Additions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You are now ready to enable Guest Additions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"351\" height=\"296\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-57-guest-additions.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-57-guest-additions.png 351w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-57-guest-additions-300x253.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/><figcaption>Insert Guest Additions<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>For most other distros, that&#8217;s all you do. The image has an autorun script and the Linux distro runs it. Prompts you to allow. Opens a terminal window. Stuff scrolls past and it finally tells you the kernel will be replaced on next boot. Arch Linux does almost nothing for you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"491\" height=\"541\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-57-guest-additions-mount.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-57-guest-additions-mount.png 491w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-57-guest-additions-mount-272x300.png 272w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" \/><figcaption>You have to mount the disk<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>With almost every other Linux distro any media mounted via the desktop is placed in \/media. Some will place it under \/media\/user but you can always rely on it being in \/media. This ain&#8217;t that kind of movie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"629\" height=\"179\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-guest-additions.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-guest-additions.png 629w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-guest-additions-300x85.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px\" \/><figcaption>manually run guest additions to install<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">cd \/run\/media\/$USER\/VB  then hit tab key<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>I&#8217;m not a big fan of using the TAB key for command line completion but here is a good place to use it. You should notice that your Caps Lock key has been working since you logged in as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once you are in that directory you need to run under sudo VBoxLinuxAdditions.run<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Shutdown and Clone<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One thing that always amazes me is the number of people who <em>finally<\/em> get a VM configured the way they need it that don&#8217;t immediately clone it. If you are doing development you are going to trash it at some point. Wouldn&#8217;t you like a nice clean fallback position?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shutdown the VM you are running then right click on its entry in VirtualBox.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"452\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-1.png 452w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-1-271x300.png 271w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px\" \/><figcaption>Select Clone<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"728\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-2.png 728w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-2-300x166.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><figcaption>Choose a name or accept default<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"728\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-3.png 728w, https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/arch-clone-3-300x166.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><figcaption>Always create a full clone<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Then click the clone button and wait for the clone to complete. Now you can freely use your dev machine knowing you can nuke it and rename and re-clone this one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You should be making heavy use of the windows-share directory. Keep snapshot copies of your work out there so you don&#8217;t lose much\/any ground when you trash your VM.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arch Linux is the Linux distro most people are talking about when you hear things like &#8220;expert friendly&#8221; and &#8220;unwelcoming.&#8221; When you go to sign up for their forum you receive a &#8220;warm and friendly&#8221; greeting. The reason their are so many forks of Arch Linux is because it doesn&#8217;t really have an installer. Not one any SuSE, Unbuntu, Mint, i.e. popular, Linux distro user would recognize. Eventually kids get past this stage of life: &hellip; <a title=\"How to Set Up an Arch Linux VM\" class=\"bnm-read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.logikalsolutions.com\/wordpress\/uncategorized\/how-to-set-up-an-arch-linux-vm\/\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">How to Set Up an Arch Linux VM<\/span>Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1919,1789],"class_list":["post-4383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-arch-linux","tag-oracle-virtualbox","bnm-entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Set Up an Arch Linux VM &#8211; Logikal Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Arch Linux is the Linux distro most people are talking about when you hear things like &quot;expert friendly&quot; 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